Resultados narrador por "Sean Runnette" en Todas las categorias

James Garfield, a powerful figure in the Reconstruction-era Congress, took office in 1881 with a goal of uniting the Republican Party, which was split between the Stalwarts (who strongly favored political patronage) and the so-called Half-Breeds (who believed patronage bred corruption).

Grover Cleveland, the only president to serve two nonconsecutive terms, stood up to Congress in asserting his constitutional prerogative to remove certain federal appointees without the Senate’s approval, forcing the repeal of the Tenure of Office Act, which had plagued his predecessors.

President Barack Obama, the first African American chief executive in the history of the United States, inspired millions of people to believe in his mes­sage of hope. His administration’s signature piece of legislation, the Affordable Care Act, came under persistent attacks as he sought to implement sweeping health-care reform. The Obama administration exercised executive powers aggressively - refusing to deport many undocumented immigrants who had entered the country as children.

Zachary Taylor, a professional soldier and sugar planter with no previous political experience, held the office of president for barely sixteen months before dying of acute gastroenteritis. A war hero before moving into the White House, he immediately confronted a rogue effort to seize Cuba and had to address issues involving slavery in the new territories acquired from Mexico.

Dwight D. Eisenhower earned public acclaim during World War II as supreme commander of Allied forces in Europe. The first Republican since Herbert Hoover to occupy the White House, “Ike” planned to hold the line against further expansion of federal powers.

Grover Cleveland’s second term, after a four-year hiatus in private life, was marked by a willingness to take bold action. When socialist union leader Eugene Debs led a railroad strike that threatened to cripple rail transportation and the postal service, President Cleveland and his attorney general used the Sherman Anti-Trust Act to obtain an injunction and to successfully prosecute Debs.

President Woodrow Wilson ushered in a new brand of domestic and inter­national politics for the United States. A champion of Progressive policies, including the right of women to vote, Wilson believed in a muscular chief executive, especially in times of war and crisis. He led the United States into World War I, at times bypassing Congress.

Ulysses S. Grant, a war hero who sought peace after the horrors of Civil War, struggled with a Congress that was divided on the issue of civil rights. He watched his own Supreme Court appointments undermine the new Reconstruction amendments to the Constitution as the Court inter­preted them in a narrow, even harsh, fashion. Grant never lost his sta­tus as an American hero.

President Teddy Roosevelt was a colorful leader who had been a boxer as a young man and took a free-swinging, pugilistic approach to the presi­dency. A dedicated Progressive, he pushed through important initiatives like the Panama Canal plan by dint of sheer willpower and devoted much of his career seeking to whittle down the Supreme Court (and his own appointee Oliver Wendell Holmes).

President Martin Van Buren, a Jacksonian Democrat, did his best to project a strong executive image, like that of his predecessor. However, the Panic of 1837 crippled Van Buren’s economic plan. His effort to influence the courts in the Amistad case—involving a group of Africans who had staged a revolt from their Spanish captors on the high seas—only fueled his abolitionist opponents.

President Warren G. Harding faced a wrecked economy in the after­math of World War I and a period of intense fear and suspicion of foreign threats. Despite a Supreme Court that continued to countenance the sup­pression of citizens’ speech under the First Amendment, Harding bucked his advisers and commuted the sentence of Socialist activist Eugene V. Debs.

James Madison, “Father of the Constitution” and a member of the First Congress, was devoted to the concept of a strong union. Madison is seldom considered an adept or successful president. Yet he viewed compromise and attention to the public good as means of keeping the Union intact, even if it meant a diminution of the president’s power.

President Gerald R. Ford, a member of Congress on the verge of retire­ment, was selected by President Nixon to serve as vice president when Spiro T. Agnew abruptly resigned after being charged with accepting bribes. Within months, Ford would become president when Nixon him­self was forced to resign in the wake of the Watergate scandal. An honest, square-jawed, straight-shooting Midwesterner, Ford pardoned Nixon, believing a pardon was the best thing for the country.

Millard Fillmore, who fell into the presidency when Zachary Taylor died unexpectedly, is often regarded as a weak leader and a failed chief executive. Eager to show that he could heal the rift between North and South, Fillmore reversed some of Taylor’s cautious policies. He zealously supported the controversial Compromise of 1850, which some historians believe worsened the sectional divide.

President Jimmy Carter, a peanut farmer from Georgia, won over an American electorate distrustful of government because of the Vietnam War and Watergate. He prevailed in 1976 with a pledge of honesty and open­ness. Carter, who viewed himself as an enlightened trustee of the Ameri­can people, championed the cause of affirmative action for minorities when much of the country still resisted this concept.

William Howard Taft adopted a conservative view of presidential power in stark contrast to the feisty and (in Taft’s view) dangerous activism of his predecessor, Theodore Roosevelt. A stickler for strict adherence to the Constitution, Taft helped steer through the Sixteenth Amendment to permit a variety of federal income taxes.

President Lyndon B. Johnson, who was sworn in aboard Air Force One hours after JFK’s assassination in Dallas, used his ample skills in cajoling and arm-twisting to push through the most significant civil rights legisla­tion in American history, in the form of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, after Kennedy’s death.

President John F. Kennedy, the first Catholic elected as the nation’s chief executive, tried to dodge politically sensitive issues, maintaining a cau­tious, moderate approach. After riots by segregationists and the murder of innocent blacks in the Deep South, President Ken­nedy abandoned his cautious posture and advocated sweeping civil rights reform.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the only president elected to four terms, expanded presidential powers in a fashion unparalleled in American his­tory. He launched the New Deal; fought off constitutional attacks of his bold legislation by proposing to pack the Supreme Court; and greatly expanded the president’s powers in foreign affairs.

President George H. W. Bush (“Bush 41”) was a one-term president who some detractors believed lacked the charisma, vision, and political skill of his predecessor, Ronald Reagan. Consequently, Bush’s domestic record was mixed; it was worsened when he broke his “no new taxes” pledge. Yet Bush exercised his constitutional powers in the realm of foreign policy with strength and decisiveness, driving Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein from Kuwait.